Systematic anatomy of euphorbiaceae subfamily oldfieldioideae. Euphorbiaceae definition of euphorbiaceae by the free. Via lm and sem, we studied wood structure of 51 genera representing 19 tribes of acalyphoideae, the largest subfamily of euphorbiaceae. It is one of the largest euphorb genera, with approximately 450 to 462 species. Systematic anatomy of euphorbiaceae subfamily oldfieldioideae i. Classification of the euphorbiaceae uc davis herbarium. Many species contain milky latex, and some are useful as a source of oil or wax. Here is a full taxonomy of the family euphorbiaceae, according to the most recent molecular research. Sample of leaf was macerated in concentrated trioxonitratev. Euphorbiaceae as represented in the flora of new south wales vol. Euphorbiaceae article about euphorbiaceae by the free. Classification for kingdom plantae down to family euphorbiaceae. Anatomical analyses found that leaves of euphorbia nicaeensis ssp.
The study mainly focused on the systematic implication of wood anatomy to the subfamily, also ecological and evolutionary aspects were evaluated. Pdf anatomy of leaf, wood and carpological structure of hura l. The stem and leaf anatomical studies of euphorbia hirta l. Wood anatomy of 29 specimens of seven species of amanoa from tropieal africa, south america, and the caribbean is described. This article is brought to you for free and open access by the biology at ur scholarship repository.
Springer nature is making coronavirus research free. Stamens 1 3100, free or connate, simple, rarely branched, anthers usually 2locular and longitudinally dehiscent, erect or inflexed in bud, the cells usually parallel and adnate to the connective, sometimes free, variously positioned. Species of euphorbiaceae contained within the plant list belong to 229 plant genera. The following is a list of some of the major genera and species in euphorbiaceae. A list of all accepted names in euphorbiaceae is available in csv format. This complex family previously comprising 5 subfamilies. The family consists of trees, shrubs, herbs and rarely woody climbers hutchinson and dalziel, 1958 and.
Louis is the first in which the classification of the family and its. Structure and development of flowers and inflorescences in. Presence of scalariform perforation plates, narrow lumen and heterogeneous diameter are important features of the vessels. Mar 25, 20 overview of the euphorbiaceae, the spurge plant family. Euphorbiaceae synonyms, euphorbiaceae pronunciation, euphorbiaceae translation, english dictionary definition of euphorbiaceae. Useful taxonomic features for its delimitation and distinction are documented. The euphorbiaceae are a large family, the spurge family, of flowering plants. John hayden2 euphorbiaceae subfamily oldfieldioideae. Succulent plants belonging to the spurge family euphorbiaceae euphorbias. Most are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are also shrubs or trees. Economic importance of euphorbiaceae family botany.
Since taxonomic description of this genus is lacking in the flora of west tropical africa, published data on morphology from several sources and the present anatomical data are provided to fill this gap in knowledge. The name spurge comes from the latin word espurge meaning to purge, due to its use as a laxative. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Overview abstract the biovulate subfamily oldfieldioideae of euphorbiaceae, characterized by spiny pollen, is an otherwise apparently diverse assemblage of mostly southern hemisphere trees and shrubs that traditionally have been allied with genera. Others are useful for their waxes and oils and as a source of medicinal drugs. Out of the peculiar researches devoted to the euphorbiaceae family anatomy, worth. Most spurges such as euphorbia paralias are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as hevea brasiliensis. List of plants in the family euphorbiaceae britannica. In common english, they are sometimes called euphorbias, which is also the name of a genus in the family. Alchorneae euphorbiaceae alchornea, aparisthmium e.
According to hutchinson this is the thirty fifth order of the phylum angiospermae, sub. Many species contain milky latex, and some are useful as a source. Euphorbiaceae family, the seeds present a palisade persistent exotegmen, consisted of small radially elongated cells with sclerified walls. Shoulder impingement, pain and injury rehabilitation seminar feat. The 3 first ones are uniovulate families while the 2 last one are biovulate. Leaves alternate, opposite, whorled, or fascicled on short shoots, simple 3foliolate in tragia laciniata palmately compound. The family euphorbiaceae appears to be monophyletic. Systematic wood anatomy of the tribes euphorbieae and.
All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Sepals 68, free or connate into calyx tube, valvate or imbricate, rarely absent euphorbia. A total of 16 species under 8 genera belonging to the family euphorbiaceae were collected and identified. The genus phyllanthus, euphorbiaceae, contains approx. Euphorbiaceae a family of plants of order geraniales family euphorbiaceae, spurge family rosid dicot family a family of dicotyledonous plants. About the classification report about the classification download. Anatomy, euphorbiaceae, hura, huraea microscopy, taxonomy. If they are to be maintained in containers either choose a large container or. Taxonomy and medicinal uses of the family euphorbiaceae growing throughout the rajshahi city, bangladesh were studied during september 2012 to august 20. The present investigation was carried out to determine anatomical features of the leaf and stem of euphorbia graminea. Cross section of the stem has a circular shape where epidermis was uniseriate and isodiametric. Laticiferous canals were found in the parenchyma tissue of petiole and midrib. It is an excellent house plant and one that can be grown on and brought into flower year after year. Euphorbia is a very large and diverse genus of flowering plants, commonly called spurge, in the spurge family euphorbiaceae.
Anatomy of stem in some euphorbiaceae ii semantic scholar. Gamble js 1922 a manual of indian timbers, 2nd edition. The tuberous root of mani hot esculent tapioca is very much rich in starch and creates important food stuff. The 3 first ones are uniovulate families while the 2 last one are biovulate now the euphorbiaceae has been split into 5 families. The present study may be a preliminary contribution of this area using standard. The tegmen derives from the parenchymatous tissue and the internal epidermis of the inner integument. Macroscopic and microscopic studies of phyllanthus. Mabea is an important neotropical genus of the euphorbiaceae, whose secretory structure diversity is still little known. They are trees, shrubs, and herbs that often contain a milky juice. The wood is diffuseporous with most vessels in short radial multiples. Jan 01, 2017 the stem and leaf anatomy of this species studied here showed laticifers in cortex zone and pith cells, and middle part of the mesophyll, respectively, was a taxonomic trait for this species. Taxonomy and medicinal uses of euphorbiaceae spurge family. Gilbert5, hansjoachim esser6, stefan dressler7, petra hoffmann8, lynn j.
Anatomical studies of leaf and stem of euphorbia graminea. The kew symposium, on the eu phorbiales, was heavily biochemical in orientation and focused to a considerable extent on relation ships between the euphorbiaceae and other fami lies. The family euphorbiaceae includes 317 genera grouped in five subfamilies webster, 1994. Drought tolerant stem anatomy characteristics in manihot esculenta euphorbiaceae and a wild relative n. Molecular data place empetrum and its relatives firmly within the ericaceae, and in particular within the sub. The phyllanthus emblicas gooseberry fleshy fruits are very much rich in vitamin c. Gillespie herbs, subshrubs, shrubs, trees, or vines lianas, annual, biennial, or perennial, deciduous or evergreen, monoecious or dioecious. Wood microstructure of the tribe hippomaneae was found to be homogeneous considerably while euphorbieae was. Floral morphology and anatomy of dalechampia alata klotzsch ex baill. Anatomical characteristics and antioxidant properties of euphorbia.
In their ecology, leaf morphology and insertion, rusts, embryology, stamen anatomy, etc. The spurge family euphorbiaceae is a large family of flowering plants with 300 genera and around 7,500 species. Male flowers with disk intrastaminal or extrastaminal, entire to dissected. Euphorbiaceae definition is a widely distributed family of herbs, shrubs, or trees order geraniales with usually milky often poisonous juice, unisexual flowers, and a superior usually trilocular ovary and including several medicinal plants such as those yielding castor oil and croton oil, several trees yielding caoutchouc, and the cassava. We investigated the distribution, morphology, histochemistry and ultrastructure of colleters, reported for the first time to. Pdf a study of epidermal leaf anatomy of 18 euphorbia taxa from. The tribe includes mainly the large genus euphorbia l. This page was last edited on 15 december 2019, at 22. Only a preliminary phylogenetic study has been published, but this suggests that four of the subfamilies are monophyletic and that the phyllanthoideae is paraphyletic levin and simpson, 1994. According to hutchinson this is the thirty fifth order of the phylum angiospermae, sub phylum. Overview of the euphorbiaceae, the spurge plant family.
Acalypha is a genus of flowering plants in the family euphorbiaceae. In the case of conceveiba, simplestellate hair, 2060 stamens free or slightly connate at the bases and without staminodes, 815 stamens, connate at the bases, located external to the staminodes, and inflorescences with flowersinflorescences with flowers in glomerules. Physio fitness physio rehab tim keeley recommended. Euphorbiaceae, commonly known as castor oil plant, is a soft wooden small tree developed throughout tropics and warm temperature regions 66. Many acalyphoid woods possess the following features. The plant list includes 16,849 scientific plant names of species rank for the family euphorbiaceae. Within malpighiales, pseudanthia are found in euphorbia, the cyathium, which is a synapomorphy of the genus and the subject of several recent studies 58. Pseudanthia are compact inflorescences which occur in more than 40 angiosperm families and can be interpreted as an aggregation of diminutive flowers that composes an attraction unit and resemble a single flower 24. Euphorbiaceae simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Cortex was distinctly formed with about 56 rows composed of chlorenchyma and found laticifers. Euphorbiodeae, euphorbiaceae tropical plant research. Most spurges such as euphorbia paralias are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as. The two genera with c 4 taxa, chamaesyce and euphorbia, are both in the tribe euphorbieae of subfamily. Mcpherson11 1 department of forestry, south china agricultural university. Anatomy of leaf, wood and carpological structure of hura l. Introduction to economic importance of euphorbiaceae family. Euphorbia, anatomy, vegetative organs, laticifers introduction the literature of the anatomy of the euphorbia species vegetative organs is quit rich, the first informations are dated from the ending of the 19th century pax, 1894 cf. Euphorbiaceae, the spurge faimily, is a lairge faimily o flouerin plants wit 300 genera an aroond 7,500 species. Euphorbiaceae definition of euphorbiaceae by merriamwebster. Euphorbiaceae in the strict sense are diverse morphologically, but most are characterized by schizocarpic capsules in which the cocci separate from the persistent columella, often explosively.
That is why the features of epidermal leaf anatomy of 18 euphorbia taxa were studied in the present study. Euphorbiaceae, spurge family of flowering plants order malpighiales, containing some 6,745 species in 218 genera. Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, comprises some 7,500 species and 275 genera of flowering plants distributed primarily in the tropics. Macroscopic and microscopic studies of phyllanthus virgatus. This plant is indigenous to the southeastern mediterranean basin, eastern africa, and india but is widespread throughout tropical regions and is widely used as an ornamental plant. Poinsettia is in the species euphorbia pulcherrima. Pages in category euphorbiaceae the following 6 pages are in this category, out of 6 total. The below mentioned article provides an overview on euphorbiales. Maist spurges are yerbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees.
Anatomical characteristics of stem and leaf in euphorbia. The fresh hand sections were stained with safranin and examined under light microscope. Euphorbia is sometimes used in ordinary english to collectively refer to all members of euphorbiaceae in deference to the type genus, not just to members of the genus. The flowers are typically unisexual and are borne in a characteristic cluster known as a cyathia. Pdf euphorbia is the largest genus of euphorbiaceae widely distributed all over the world. Fresh, preserved and herbarium materials were used. In common english, they are sometimes called euphorbias, 2 which is also the name of a genus in the family. Euphorbiaceae is one of the most cosmopolitan plant groups within angiosperm, consisting of about 334 genera webster, 1994 and over 8000 species, redcliffesmith, 2001. Drought tolerant stem anatomy characteristics in manihot. Some euphorbias are commercially widely available, such as poinsettias at christmas. Vessel elements are notably long, have simple perforation plates and smali, alternate intervessel pits. Anatomy embryology euphorbiaceae euphorbioideae ovule seed.
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